关于域名概念的考证
摘要:尽管各个机构、网站、书籍等对于域名概念的描述并不一致,甚至不够严密,不过我们仍然可以从中得到一些核心的信息:域名是为了方便用户访问互联网而设置的一套转换系统,域名是与IP地址建立对应关系的一种途径。
稍微有一点互联网和网络营销基础知识的人对于域名这一概念都不会觉得陌生,但是如果真正作为一个考试题需要完整第回答这个问题时,可能并非每个人都能准确说明域名的定义,如果要向刚接触互联网的用户介绍这一概念,也并不是都可以用几句话就能描述清楚的。
首先,将多种渠道的资料汇集起来进行了一番对比,期望在此基础上对域名的概念进行比较准确的描述。下面是部分网站/书籍对于域名概念的的描述:
(1)中国互联网络信息中心(C IC)对于域名的解释
域名类似于互联网上的门牌号码,是用于识别和定位互联网上计算机的层次结构式字符标识,与该计算机的互联网协议(IP)地址相对应。但相对于IP地址而言,更便于使用者理解和记忆。域名属于互联网上的基础服务,基于域名可以提供WWW、EMAIL、FTP等应用服务。
资料来源:http://www.c ic.net.cn/html/Dir/2003/11/28/1534.htm
(2)国际互联网名称和地址分配组织(The Internet Corporation for A igned Names and Numbers,ICA )对域名的定义
ICA 是域名的管理机构,对于域名的定义应该是最权威的,不过目前从ICA 网站上并没有发现关于“domain name”这一定义,而是关于“Domain Name System”(域名系统):
What is the Domain Name System?
The Domain Name System (D ) hel users to find their way around the Internet. Every computer on the Internet has a unique addre - just like a telephone number - which is a rather complicated string of numbers. It is called its "IP addre quot; (IP stands for "Internet Protocol"). IP Addre es are hard to remember. The D makes using the Internet easier by allowing a familiar string of letters (the "domain name") to be used i tead of the arcane IP addre . So i tead of typing 207.151.159.3, you can type www.internic.net. It is a "mnemonic" device that makes addre es easier to remember.
资料来源:http://www.ica .org/faq/
(3)互联网在线词典webopedia关于域名(domain name)的定义
A name that identifies one or more IP addre es. For example, the domain name microsoft.com represents about a dozen IP addre es. Domain names are used in URLs to identify particular Web pages. For example, in the URL http://www.pcwebopedia.com/index.html, the domain name is pcwebopedia.com.
Every domain name has a suffix that indicates which top level domain (TLD) it belongs to. There are only a limited number of such domai . For example:
.gov - Government agencies
.edu - Educational i titutio
.org - Organizatio (no rofit)
.mil - Military
.com - commercial busine
.net - Network organizatio
.ca - Canada
.th - Thailand
Because the Internet is based on IP addre es, not domain names, every Web server requires a Domain Name System (D ) server to tra late domain names into IP addre es.

